Hair waving device



P 1934 J. c. MURRAY ET AL 1,974,625

HAIR WAVING DEVICE Filed Sept. 21. 1932 Q 2 Sheets-Sheet l gm szwzm Y 251247.

p 1934- J. c. MURRAY ET AL 1,974,625

HAIR WAVING DEVICE Filed Sept. 21. 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 53 0 f 56 60 p/ f 29 if 8 27 awmw VIII/Ila j/VVE/VTURE. JoH/v GMl/RRAK WJLBURSLEWIS.

Patented Sept. 25 1934 PATENT OFFICE HAIR WAVING DEVICE John 0. Murray and Wilbur S. Lewis, Rocky River, Ohio, assignors to The Murle 00., Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application September 21, 1932, Serial No. 634,224

47 Claims.

This invention relates to a device for forming curls in strands of hair commonly known as permanent waving and is adapted to form such curls by the so called croquignole method which involves winding the strands of hair from their ends toward the scalp of the head.

The devices for forming curls which are now used commercially have a great many disadvantages chief of which are the many operations required to curl the strands of hair, markings occurring upon the hair by reason of the poor design of the device, and the unevenness of the curls due to improper winding and distribution of the strands of hair as well as bunching oi the hair due to positioning the hair receiving rod in the clamp which prevents the formation of curls close to the scalp which is most desirable in endeavoring to reproduce natural waves.

It is therefore one of the important objects of the present invention to design and produce a hair waving device which will eliminate the objectionable features hereinbefore referred to.

Another object of the invention is to produce a device of the type referred to in which the hair receiving rod and clamp is an integral unit.

A further object of the invention is to produce a device in which the hair receiving rod, clamp and heating chamber is an integral unit.

A further object of the invention is to provide a plurality of circumferentially extending grooves upon the rod to obtain the maximum surface area for the strands of hair and for evenly distributing the strands of hair as they are wound upon the rod.

A further object of the invention resides in providing friction anti-slip means upon the rod for engagement with the free ends of the strands of hair and which will not undesirably mark the hair.

A further object of the invention is to construct the device so that parts thereof are replaceable in the event of damage thereto.

A further object of the invention is to produce a device which is simple in construction, efllcient in application, and inexpensive to manufacture.

with the objects above indicated and other objects hereinafter explained in view, the invention consists in the construction and combination of elements hereinafter described and claimed.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a top plan view of a device embodying the present invention showing the relative position of the clamp and hair receiving rod during the hair winding operation;

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of that shown in Fig. 1; K

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of the device showing the relation of the clamp and rod in its closed position; I

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of that shown in Fig. 3; r

Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of that shown in Fig. 3; 4

Fig. 6 is an end view of the device with the free ends of the clamp adjacent the free end of the rod;

Fig. 7 is an end view of the device as shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 8 is a side elevational view on an enlarged scale of the rod and its mounting with portions broken away to more clearly illustrate the details of construction.

Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional view through the device in its closed position;

Fig. 10 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 10-l0 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 is an end view of the device with portions broken away to show a modification of the structure;

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the modified structure;

Fig. 13 is a detail view of the hair receiving rod and its support with which it is detachably associated;

Fig. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of the nozzle connection shown in Fig. 12;

Fig. 15 is a side elevational view of a modified construction embodying the present invention, and

Fig. 16 is a top plan view of that shown in Fig. 15.

In the drawings a hair waving device embodying the present invention is indicated generally by the numeral 20, and it might be herein stated that, while the device is constructed to be used with steam as the heating agent, electrical or chemical heating means may be employed with success. The hair waving device 20 comprises a hair receiving rod 21 of any suitable material and is decliningly tapered at 22 from adjacent its opposite ends to adjacent its central portion. The rod 21 is also provided with a plurality of circumferential grooves 23 spaced apart longitudinally of the rod and of decreasing diameter from adjacent opposite ends of the rod to adjacent the central portion of the rod, more clearly shown in Fig. 8. A longitudinally extending transverse slot 24 is provided in the rod adjacent the central portion thereof and has disposed therein a strip of resilient friction material 25, preferably rubber, with its longitudinal edges extending slightly beyond the peripheral surface of the rod adjacent thereto.

The rod 21, preferably at its free end, is provided with an extension 26 of reduced diameter and has preferably a rubber ring 27 secured thereto. The end of the extension 26 is provided with a transverse slot 28 adapted to receive a suitable tool for a purpose to be later described.

The opposite end of the rod 21 has an extension 29 of reduced diameter upon which preferably a rubber band 30 is secured. The end of the rod 21 adjacent thereto is provided with an axially extending opening 31 within which a cylindrical extension 32 is secured against relative rotation. The extension 32 has a cup-shaped head 33 preferably formed integral therewith, the outer diameter of which is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the ring 30. The free end of the cup-shaped head 33 is spaced longitudinally from the rubber ring 30 and has a circular upright extension 34 disposed therebetween. The extension 34 is provided with a transverse opening within which the extension 32 is rotatably supported and at its lower end a lateral extension 35 is provided.

The rod 21 is adapted to be rotated about its longitudinal axis, preferably in one direction only and to effect such rotation the rod 21 is controlled by a ratchet. A ratchet wheel 36 is provided with teeth 3'7 upon its outer face and has an axially extending opening within which the extension 32 is adapted to rotate. The ratchet wheel 36 is provided with apair of oppositely disposed laterally extending lugs 38, which are normally disposed within cooperating slots 39 provided in the extension 34, which prevents relative rotation between the ratchet wheel 36 and the extension 34. A spring ring 40 encircles the extension 32 and has free ends, one of which is provided with an extension 41 secured within an opening 42 in the closed end of the cup-shaped head 33, while the opposite end 43 is bent laterally in the opposite direction from the extension 41 and engages the teeth 3'7 of the ratchet wheel 36. The teeth 37 are shaped so as to permit the extension 43 to ride thereover, upon rotation of the rod 21 in one direction and counter-clockwise, as shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings but any attempt to rotate the rod 21 in the opposite direction causes the extension 43 to rigidly engage the teeth 37 and thereby prevent rotation in this direction.

The clamping means for the hair is provided as an integral part of the rod 21 and has many advantages, as will be later more definitely pointed out. This clamping means comprises a pair of oppositely disposed substantially Z-shaped members 44, which in their cooperative relation are disposed in parallelism and extend longitudinally. Resilient friction members 45, preferably of rubber, are secured to the adjacent faces of the members 44 by providing lateral offset portions 46 which cooperate with the lower portion 47 of the Z-shaped members 44. A pair of inverted U-shaped members 48 extend longitudinally along the opposite ends of the lower portions 47 of the members 44 and have their free ends bent inwardly at 49. A pair of head insulating blocks 50, preferably of wood, extend along the undersides of the Z-shaped members 44 and U- shaped members 48, as clearly shown in Fig. 9, and have adjacent their outer sides upwardly extending portions 51, which slidably fit within the p U -shaped members 48. These upwardly extending portions 51 are provided with longitudinally extending grooves 52 within which are slidably disposed the inwardly extending ends 49 of the U- shaped members 48, thus providing a removable construction for the insulating members 50.

A pair of plates 53 are positioned upon the upper surfaces of the U-shaped members 48 and the adjacent surfaces of the lower portions 47 of the members 44 and extend longitudinally thereof, the outer edges terminating substantially in alignment with the outer surfaces of the members 48, and are for a purpose which will be later more fully described.

A housing 54 consists of a stamping or formed piece having cooperating U-shaped half sections 55 separable longitudinally. The adjacent upper ends of the sections 55 are bent backwardly at 56 to provide reinforcement along the free edges thereof and to form a neat construction, thereby eliminating any rough edges. The opposite free ends 57 of the sections 55 extend beneath the upper portions of the members 44 and rest upon the upper surface of the plates 53. A plurality of rivets 58 extend through aligned openings in the members 48, plates 53, ends 57 and members 44 to rigidly secure the same. The ends of the sections 55 are closed to provide a steam chamber 59, when the sections are in their closed position, but flanged cooperating recesses 60 are provided upon the opposite ends of the sections 55 to receive the opposite ends of the rod 21 and engage with the rubber bands 27 and 30 to provide a steamtight joint therebetween.

The plates 53 at one end extend bewond adjacent ends of the sections 55, as shown at 61, and support the extension 35 of the member 34. A link or plate 62 is positioned beneath the ends 61 of the plates 53 and the latter are pivotally connected by rivets 63 which pass through aligned openings in the link 62, the plates 53 and the extension 35. This construction permits the half sections 55 to be moved into closed position about the rod-21 and at the same time permits the half sections to be pivoted about the axes of the rivets 63 through an arc of approximately 180, or to their open position. The half sections 55, therefore. when in their open position, function as a handle or grip to facilitate the winding of the hair upon the rod and as a support for the rotatable rod.

It is desirable, of course, that the cooperating half sections 55 be locked against displacement, when in closed position, and this is efficiently obtained by extending the plates 53 beyond the adjacent ends of the half sections, as indicated at 64. A pair of spaced links 65 have one of their ends pivotally connected at 66 to the opposite sides of one of the extended portions 64, while the free ends have pivotally connected at 67 therebetween one end of a locking member 68. The end of the locking member 68 adjacent the pivot is provided with a cammed or eccentric portion 69 which is engageable with the outer side of the other extending portion 64 and, when moved about the axis of the rivet 67, as more clearly shown in Fig. 5, secures the free ends of the half sections 55 against accidental displacement by reason of the engagement between the links 65 and the free extending portions 64.

The housing 54 is provided with exhaust openings 70, preferably in one of the half sections'55, and an inlet opening 71 in the opposite half section 55 for the admission of steam and the escape thereof, respectively. The construction of the inlet opening is more clearly shown in Fig. 9 and consists of a ring '72 having an upper flange engageable with the outer surface of said half section and a lower flange spaced apart from the under surface of said half section to provide a circumferential groove 73. The inner wall of the ring 72 is slotted to provide an opening therethrough to receive a portion of a resilient wire or spring '74. The opposite ends of the spring 74 extend longitudinally in opposite directions from the opening '71, as shown at '75 in Fig. 1, and then are bent downwardly at '76 into engagement with the inner wall of the half section and then upwardly and downwardly at 77 where the ends are secured beneath the flanged recesses 60 adjacent thereto. A nipple 78, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 9, has one end connected preferably with a rubber hose '79, which communicates with any suitable source of steam supply and the lower end has a circumferential groove 80 which is adapted to receive the exposed portion of the spring 74 when the nipple is inserted within the ring 72 to prevent accidental disengagement.

In the operation of the device the half sections 55 are moved to'the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2 to provide a suitable hand grip for the operator, the dotted lines in this view representing the movement of one of the half sections, so as to more clearly illustrate the movement thereof. A plurality of strands of hair are separated from the remaining strands upon the head of the person receiving the wave and the strands are preferably in a flat or longitudinal position. The strands of hair are first combed to make sure that they are in their proper position and the free ends of the strands are brought together with the result that the strands are in substantially a flat V formation. The strands may or may not be treated with a suitable solution depending upon the character of the hair and the resultant wave. The free ends of the hair are wound about the central portion of the rod 21 and overlap so as' to secure the ends of the strands upon the rod. The rubber member prevents slippage of the hair upon the rod and the rod is then rotated in a counter-clockwise direction until the strands of hair have been wound upon the rod and the rod is adjacent the scalp. During this winding operation the strands of hair are maintained in this flat relation and the grooves 23 tend to distribute the hair equally throughout the length of the rod. The grooves provide additional surface with which the strands of hair engage so that a greater ironing surface is provided and practically each strand of hair is individually curled. No slack in the strands of hair occurs by reason of the winding operation, as the diameters of the grooves are so selected that the strands of hair are wound equally throughout the length of the rod.

When the strands of hair have been wound upon the rod to a location adjacent the scalp, or as shown in Fig. 2, the half sections are moved about the axes of the rivets 63 until they enclose the rod and hair, as shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. In their closed position the links 65 are moved to engagement with the free engaging portions 64 of one of the plates 63 and the member 68 is moved about the axes of the rivets 67 causing the cam 69 to engage the free extending portions 64 and clamping their ends against displacement, more clearly shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

The steam nipple 78 is then inserted in the "axis.

ring 72 and secured therein by reason of the engagement of the spring '74 with the groove 80. The steam is then supplied through the hose 79 for any desired length of time, depending upon the character of the curl which it is desired to produce. After the hair has been sufiiciently steamed the nipple '78 is removed, the locking means on the free ends of the half sections released and the hair is unwound from the rod 21. The result is that many small curls have been produced with the smallest curls at the ends of the strands of hair where it is desirable and the larger curls adjacent the scalp. No marking of the hair occurs when this device is used, as is common with the types now employed and no crimping or bunching of the hair adjacent the clamp occurs by reason of the fact that the clamping means is an integral part of the rod and, therefore, grips the strands of hair adjacent the scalp at right angles to the strands of hair as they are wound upon the rod. This eliminates shifting the rod to fit the clamps in methods employed at the present time, as the clamping means and rod are always in a fixed relationship.

In Figs. 11, 12 and 14 a modified form of construction is shown embodying the present invention. One of the half -sections 55 is provided with an opening 81 in the upper central portion thereof, within which a circular body member 82 is disposed. Trunnions 83 extend outwardly upon the opposite sides in axial alignment and are preferably formed integral therewith. These trunnions 83 are rotatably supported in bearing members 84 in the form of straps which are riveted or otherwise secured to the inner side of the half-section 55. The body member 82 is provided with a transverse opening 85 adapted to receive the end of the inlet nozzle '78, as more clearly shown in Fig. 11. The nozzle is maintained against accidental disengagement by means of a spring pressed detent 86 mounted within an axial bore 87 in one of the trunnions '83, as shown in Fig. 14. This detent 86 is adapted to engage the groove 80 in the nozzle 78.

In Fig. 13 a hair receiving member having the features of the member shown in Fig. 8 is illustrated and is principally designed for use with certain commercial types at present available. In this case the hair receiving rod 88 is detachably mounted upon a separate clamp, portions of which are indicated by 89. A ratchet wheel 90 is formed integral with one end of the rod 88 for engagement by a ratchet member 91 and preferably adjacent thereto is an integral finger member 92 for turning the rod about its longitudinal In Figs. 15 and 16 a further modification is shown which provides for a different clamping movement. The hair receiving rod 93 is identical in construction with the rod 21 shown in Fig. 8. A pair of cooperating clamping members 94 have one of their ends pivotally connected to a bracket 95, which rotatably supports the rod 93. These clamping members 94 are adapted to be moved immediately beneath the rod 92 as shown in dotted lines to clamp the hair adjacent the scalp after the strands of hair have been wound upon the rod 92 in a manner similar to the operation and function of the clamping member shown in Fig. 8.

The steam chamber 96, in this instance, is of one piece hollow construction open on one side.

It is pivotally connected at one end to the bracket 95 at 97 and is adapted to be moved about the pivot from an open position shown in full lines to a closed position shown in dotted lines enclosing the rod 93. A securing means similar to the securing means 65 in Fig. 11 may be provided to engage the extensions 98 and 99 on the clamping members and chamber, respectively.

While we have described the preferred embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that we are not to be limited thereto inasmuch as changes and modifications may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Having thus described our invention we claim:

1. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound, and clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp, and means by which said rod is permanently connected to said clamping means.

2. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound, and clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp and pivotally connected to said rod.

3. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound, and clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp including a. pair of cooperating members pivotally and permanently connected to said rod.

4. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound, and clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp including a pair of cooperating members having independent pivotal connections with said rod.

5. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound, means for permanently supporting one end of said rod, and clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp and pivotally connected to said supporting means.

6. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound, means for permanently supporting one end of said rod, and clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp and including a pair of cooperating members pivotally connected to said supporting means.

7. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapt- Y ed to be wound rotatable about its longitudinal axis, means for permanently supporting said rod, and clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp and pivotally connected to said supporting means.

8. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be Wound rotatable about its longitudinal axis, means for permanently supporting said rod, and clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp and includinga. pair of cooperating members pivotally connected to said supporting means.

9. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod rotatable about its longitudinal axis, means for supporting said rodj'and clamping means for the hair including a pair of cooperating members pivotally connected to said supporting means to move about a transverse axis.

10. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod rotatable about its longitudinal axis, means for supporting said rod, and clamping means for the hair including a pair of cooperating members pivotally connected independently to said supporting means to move about transverse axes.

11. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound rotatable about its longitudinal axis, means for permanently supporting said rod, clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp and including a pair of cooperating members pivotally connected to said supporting means, and means for securing said members in cooperative engagement.

12. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound rotatable about its longitudinal axis, means for permanently supporting said rod, clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp and including a pair of cooperating members having one of their ends pivotally connected to said supporting means, and interengageable means at the free ends of said members for securing the latter in cooperative engagement.

13. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound rotatable about its longitudinal axis, means for permanently supporting said rod, clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp and including a pair of cooperating members pivotally connected to said supporting means, resilient members carried by the adjacent edges of said cooperating members, and means for securing said cooperating members in cooperative engagement.

14. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound rotatable about its longitudinal axis, resilient means adjacent the central portion ofsaid rod, and clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp and pivotally connected to said rod.

15. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound rotatable about its longitudinal axis, a rubber member adjacent the central portion of said rod, and clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp and pivotally connected to said rod.

16. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound rotatable about its longitudinal axis and having a transverse opening adjacent the central portion thereof, a resilient member disposed in said opening, and clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp and pivotally connected to said rod.

17. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound rotatable about its longitudinal axis and having a longitudinally extending transverse opening adjacent the central portion thereof, a resilient member disposed in said opening, and. clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp and pivotally connected to said rod.

18. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound rotatable about its longitudinal axis, clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp and pivotally connected to said rod, and insulating means carried by said clamping means.

19. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound rotatable about its longitudinal axis, clamping means for engaging the strand of said rod in one direction, and clamping means -for the hair pivotally connected to said support.

' 38. A hairwaving device comprising a hair receiving rod rotatable about its longitudinal axis, a support for said rod, ratchet means between said rod and support permitting rotation of said rod in one direction, and clamping means for the hair including a pair of cooperating members independently pivoted to said support.

39. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod rotatable about its longitudinal axis, a support for said rod, ratchet means between said rod and support permitting rotation of said rod in one direction, clamping means for the hair including a pair of cooperating members independently pivoted -to said support, and means for securing said cooperating members in cooperative engagement.

40. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod, and a pair of members pivotally connected to said rod and a member having a chamber adapted to surround a portion of said rod.

41. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod, a pair of clamping members pivsaid rod, and a ratchet wheel at one end of said rod.

44. A "hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod decliningly tapered longitudinally from its opposite ends toward the central portion thereof and having circumferential grooves disposed longitudinally and of decreasing diameters from adjacent the outer ends to adjacent the central portion thereof, said rod having a longitudinally extending groove, a resilient member in said groove, trunnions for supporting said rod, and a ratchet wheel at one end of said rod.

45. A hair waving device comprising a. hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound, clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp, means by which said rod is permanently connected to said clamping means, and steam receiving means adapted to be positioned in cooperatingrelation with respect to said rod.

46. A hair waving device comprising .a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound, clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp, means by which said rod is permanently connected to said clamping means, and a member having a steam receiving chamber adapted to enclose that portion of said rod about which the strand of hair is adapted to be wound.

47. A hair waving device comprising a hair receiving rod about which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound, clamping means for engaging the strand of hair adjacent the scalp, means by which said rod is permanently connected'to said clamping means, a member having a steam receiving chamber adapted to enclose that portion of said rod about which the strand of hair is adapted to be wound, and sealing means for said member.

JOHN C. MURRAY. WILBUR S. LEWIS. 

